01
Chitetezo choyamba, chitonthozo chachiwiri
Mipando yamagalimoto imakhala ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana yazigawo monga mafelemu, zida zamagetsi, ndi zovundikira thovu.Pakati pawo, mpando chimango ndi chigawo chofunika kwambiri pa mpando galimoto chitetezo.Zili ngati chigoba cha munthu, chonyamula thovu la mpando, chivundikiro, mbali zamagetsi, zigawo zapulasitiki ndi ziwalo zina zofanana ndi "thupi ndi magazi".Ndilonso gawo lalikulu lomwe limanyamula katundu, limatumiza torque ndikuwonjezera kukhazikika.
Mipando yamagalimoto a LIL imagwiritsa ntchito nsanja yofanana ndi BBA, galimoto yapamwamba kwambiri, ndi Volvo, mtundu womwe umadziwika ndi chitetezo chake, ukuyika maziko abwino achitetezo chapampando.Mapangidwe a mafupawa ndi abwinoko, koma ndithudi mtengo wake ndi wokwera.Gulu la R&D lapampando wagalimoto la LI limakhulupirira kuti ndikofunikira kulipira mtengo wokwera kuti zitsimikizire chitetezo champandowo.Tifunikanso kupereka chitetezo cholimbikitsa kwa anthu okhalamo ngakhale pamene sitingachione.
"Ngakhale OEM iliyonse ikuwongolera mipando yabwino, ndipo LI yachita ntchito yabwino kwambiri pankhaniyi, takhala tikudziwa kuti pali kutsutsana kwina kwachilengedwe pakati pa chitetezo ndi chitonthozo, ndipo timafunikira zonse Mapangidwe ayenera kukhazikitsidwa chitetezo, ndiyeno lingalirani chitonthozo, "adatero Zhixing.
Anatenga mawonekedwe otsutsana ndi sitima zapamadzi a mpando monga chitsanzo.Monga momwe dzinalo likusonyezera, ntchito ya anti-submarine structure ndi kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha lamba wapampando wotsetsereka kuchokera kudera la pelvic kupita m'mimba mwa wokhalamo pamene kugunda kukuchitika, kuchititsa kufinya kuwonongeka kwa ziwalo zamkati.Izi ndizothandiza makamaka kwa amayi ndi antchito ang'onoang'ono, omwe amatha kudumpha chifukwa cha kuchepa kwawo komanso kulemera kwawo.
Mwa kuyankhula kwina, "Galimoto ikakumana ndi kugunda, thupi la munthu limasunthira patsogolo pampando chifukwa cha inertia ndikumira pansi panthawi yomweyo. matako, amatha kulepheretsa matako kuyenda kwambiri "
Zhixing adanenanso kuti, "Tikudziwa kuti magalimoto ena a ku Japan amaika zitsulo zotsutsana ndi sitima zapamadzi za mzere wachiwiri pansi kwambiri, kotero kuti thovu likhoza kukhala lolimba kwambiri komanso kuti kukwerako kukhale kosavuta, koma chitetezo chiyenera kusokonezedwa.Ndipo Ngakhale chinthu cha LI chimayang'ananso chitonthozo, sichingasokoneze chitetezo."
Choyamba, tinaganizira mokwanira mphamvu zomwe zinapangidwa pamene galimoto yonseyo inagundana, ndikusankha EPP yaikulu (Expanded polypropylene, mtundu watsopano wa pulasitiki wa thovu ndi ntchito yabwino kwambiri) monga chithandizo.Tinasintha mobwerezabwereza EPP m'magulu angapo panthawi yotsimikiziranso.Maonekedwe a masanjidwe, kuuma, ndi kachulukidwe zimafunikira kuti zikwaniritse zofunikira pakuyesedwa kwa ngozi.Kenaka, tinagwirizanitsa chitonthozo cha mpando kuti titsirize mapangidwe a mawonekedwe ndi mapangidwe apangidwe, kuonetsetsa chitetezo pamene akupereka chitonthozo.
Ogwiritsa ntchito ambiri akagula galimoto yatsopano, amawonjezera zinthu zosiyanasiyana zokongoletsera ndi zoteteza ku galimoto yawo, makamaka zophimba mipando kuti ateteze mipando kuti isawonongeke.Zhixing ikufuna kukumbutsa ogwiritsa ntchito ambiri kuti ngakhale zovundikira mipando zimabweretsa zovuta, zitha kubweretsanso ziwopsezo zina zachitetezo."Ngakhale chivundikiro cha mpando chimakhala chofewa, chimawononga mawonekedwe a mpando, zomwe zingapangitse kuti mayendedwe ndi kukula kwa mphamvu kwa omwe akukhalamo asinthe pamene galimoto ikukumana ndi kugunda, kuonjezera ngozi ya kuvulala. zovundikira Mipando zidzakhudza kutumizidwa kwa ma airbags, choncho tikulimbikitsidwa kuti musagwiritse ntchito zovundikira mipando. "
Mipando ya Li Auto yatsimikiziridwa mokwanira kuti ilibe kukana kutayika kudzera pakulowetsa ndi kutumiza kunja, ndipo palibe vuto lililonse ndi kukana kuvala."Chitonthozo cha zophimba mipando nthawi zambiri sichikhala chabwino ngati chikopa chenicheni, ndipo kukana madontho sikofunikira kuposa chitetezo."Shitu, yemwe amayang'anira ukadaulo wa mipando, adati monga katswiri wa R&D wamipando, amagwiritsa ntchito galimoto yake zovundikira Mipando sizidzagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Kuphatikiza pa kutsimikizira chitetezo ndi magwiridwe antchito mkati mwa malamulo omwe ali ndi zigoli zambiri, tiwonanso mikhalidwe yapadera yogwirira ntchito yomwe ogwiritsa ntchito amakumana nayo, monga momwe pali anthu atatu pamzere wachiwiri."Tigwiritsa ntchito anthu awiri abodza a 95th percentile (95% ya anthu pagululo ndi ang'onoang'ono kuposa kukula uku) ndi dummy 05 (chidutswa chachikazi) chofanizira momwe amuna awiri aatali ndi mkazi (mwana) amakhala m'bwalo. Mzere wakumbuyo ukachuluka, m'pamenenso amakhala ndi mwayi wokhala moyang'anizana ndi wina ndi mnzake.
"Mwachitsanzo china, ngati kumbuyo chakumbuyo kumapindika pansi, ndipo sutikesi idzagwera pampando wakutsogolo kumbuyo galimoto ikagundana, kodi mphamvu ya mpandoyo imakhala yolimba mokwanira kuti ichirikize mpandowo popanda kuonongeka kapena kuwononga kwakukulu? kusamuka, motero kuyika pangozi chitetezo cha dalaivala ndi woyendetsa ndegeyo Makampani agalimoto monga Volvo azikhala ndi zofunikira izi.
02
Zogulitsa zamtundu wa Flagship ziyenera kupereka chitetezo chambiri
Asayansi a ku America anafufuza mazana a ngozi zapamsewu zomwe zinaphetsa madalaivala ndipo anapeza kuti popanda kumanga malamba, zimangotenga masekondi 0.7 kuti galimoto yoyenda mtunda wa makilomita 88 pa ola iwonongeke ndi kupha dalaivalayo.
Malamba amipando ndiwothandiza kwambiri.Zadziwika kuti kuyendetsa galimoto popanda malamba ndi koopsa komanso kosaloledwa, koma malamba akumbuyo amangonyalanyazidwabe.Mu lipoti la 2020, wamkulu wa apolisi apamsewu wa Hangzhou adati kuchokera pakufufuza ndi kuimbidwa mlandu, kuchuluka kwa omwe adakwera mipando yakumbuyo amavala malamba akuchepera 30%.Anthu ambiri okwera pampando wakumbuyo ananena kuti sankadziwa kuti ayenera kuvala malamba pampando wakumbuyo.
Pofuna kukumbutsa anthu okhalamo kuti amange malamba, nthawi zambiri pamakhala chida chokumbutsa lamba wapampando SBR (Safety Belt Reminder) kutsogolo kwa galimotoyo.Tikudziwa bwino za kufunika kwa malamba akumbuyo ndipo tikufuna kukumbutsa banja lonse kuti likhalebe chidziwitso cha chitetezo nthawi zonse, kotero tayika ma SBR m'mizere yoyamba, yachiwiri ndi yachitatu."Malinga ngati okwera m'mizere yachiwiri ndi yachitatu savala malamba, woyendetsa mipando yakutsogolo amatha kukumbutsa okwera kumbuyo kuti amange malamba asananyamuke," atero a Gao Feng, wamkulu wachitetezo chapampando mu dipatimenti ya oyendetsa ndege. .
Lamba wachitetezo wokhala ndi mfundo zitatu womwe ukugwiritsidwa ntchito pano pamakampaniwo adapangidwa ndi injiniya wa Volvo Niels Bolling mu 1959. Adasintha mpaka pano.Lamba wathunthu wachitetezo umaphatikizapo retractor, chosinthira kutalika, chotchinga, ndi pretensioner PLP.chipangizo.Zina mwa izo, retractor ndi loko ndizofunikira, pomwe chosinthira kutalika ndi chipangizo choyezera cha PLP chimafuna ndalama zowonjezera ndi bizinesi.
PLP pretensioner, dzina lonse ndi pyrotechnic lap pretensioner, lomwe limatha kumasuliridwa kuti pyrotechnic belt pretensioner.Ntchito yake ndikuyatsa ndi kuphulitsa pakagundana, kumangitsa lamba wapampando ndikukokera matako ndi miyendo ya wokhala pampando.
Gao Feng adalengeza kuti: "M'madalaivala onse akuluakulu komanso oyendetsa magalimoto a Ideal L magalimoto, tayika zida za PLP, ndipo zili mu 'double preload' mode, ndiko kuti, kudzaza m'chiuno ndi mapewa. Pakagundana. , chinthu choyamba ndikumangirira mapewa kuti akonze torso yapamwamba pampando, ndiyeno sungani m'chiuno kuti mukonze chiuno ndi miyendo pampando kuti mutseke bwino thupi laumunthu ndi mpando kupyolera mu mphamvu ziwiri zowonongeka zisanayambe mbali ziwiri. Perekani chitetezo. "
"Timakhulupirira kuti zogulitsa zapamwamba ziyenera kupereka masinthidwe a airbag apamwamba kwambiri, kotero kuti sakukwezedwa ngati cholinga."Gao Feng adanena kuti Li Auto wachita kafukufuku wambiri komanso ntchito yotsimikizira chitukuko posankha masanjidwe a airbag.Zotsatizanazi zimabwera ndi zikwama zam'mbali zam'mbali zam'mbali zam'mbuyo ndi zachiwiri, komanso makatani am'mbali amtundu wopitilira mpaka mzere wachitatu, kuonetsetsa chitetezo cha 360 ° mozungulira kwa omwe ali mgalimoto.
Pamaso pa mpando wokwera wa Li L9, pali chophimba cha OLED cha 15.7-inch car-grade.Njira yachikhalidwe yotumizira chikwama cha airbag sichingakwaniritse zofunikira zachitetezo chapagalimoto.Ukadaulo woyamba wa Li Auto wokhala ndi patent wa airbag wonyamula anthu, kudzera mu kafukufuku wam'mbuyomu ndi chitukuko komanso mayeso obwerezabwereza, amatha kuwonetsetsa kuti wokwerayo amatetezedwa mokwanira pomwe chikwama cha airbag chikuyendetsa ndikuwonetsetsa kukhulupirika kwa chiwonetsero cha okwera kuti apewe kuvulala kwachiwiri.
Ma airbags apambali amtundu wa Ideal L onse adapangidwa mwapadera.Pamaziko a zikwama zamtundu wamtundu, mbalizo zimakulitsidwanso, zomwe zimalola kuti kutsogolo kwa airbag ndi makatani am'mbali apange chitetezo cha 90 ° annular, kupanga chithandizo chabwino ndi chitetezo cha mutu., kuletsa anthu kutsetsereka mu kusiyana pakati pa airbag ndi chitseko.Pakachitika kugundana kwakung'ono, mosasamala kanthu za momwe mutu wa wokwerapo ukugwedezeka, nthawi zonse udzakhala mkati mwa chitetezo cha airbag, kupereka chitetezo chabwino.
"Kutetezedwa kwa makatani am'mbali mwa makatani a Ideal L ndi okwanira.Makatani a mpweya amaphimba pansi pa chitseko cha chitseko ndikuphimba galasi lonse la khomo kuti atsimikizire kuti mutu ndi thupi la wokhalamo sizikugunda mkati mwa mkati, ndipo panthawi imodzimodziyo zimalepheretsa Mutu wa wokhalamo umapendekeka kwambiri kuti uchepetse kuwonongeka kwa khosi."
03
Chiyambi cha tsatanetsatane wapadera: Kodi tingamve bwanji chisoni popanda chokumana nacho chathu?
Pony, katswiri wodziwa kuteteza anthu okhalamo, amakhulupirira kuti zomwe zimachititsa kuti munthu adziwe zambiri zimachokera ku zowawa zaumwini."Tawona milandu yambiri yokhudzana ndi chitetezo cha mipando, yomwe ogwiritsa ntchito anavulala pa ngozi. Malingana ndi zochitika za moyozi, tidzaganizira ngati zingatheke kuti tipewe ngozi zofanana komanso ngati n'zotheka kuchita bwino kuposa makampani ena. .
"Zikangogwirizana kwambiri ndi moyo, tsatanetsatane wonse udzakhala chochitika chofunikira, choyenera 200% chidwi ndi kuyesetsa kwakukulu."Zhixing ananena za seams wa mpando chivundikirocho.Popeza airbag imayikidwa pampando, imagwirizana kwambiri ndi chimango ndi pamwamba.Manja akalumikizidwa, tifunika kufewetsa ma seams pamiyendo yosiyana ndikugwiritsa ntchito ulusi wosokera wofooka kuti ma seams aduke nthawi yomweyo akaphulika kuti zitsimikizire kuti ma airbags amatha kuphulika panthawi yodziwika ndi ngodya panjira yoyenera.Kuphulika kwa thovu sikuyenera kupitirira muyezo, ndipo kuyenera kufewetsa mokwanira popanda kukhudza maonekedwe ndi ntchito ya tsiku ndi tsiku.Pali zitsanzo zambiri za kudzipatulira kumeneku mwatsatanetsatane mubizinesi iyi.
Pony anapeza kuti anzake ambiri omwe ankamuzungulira ankaona kuti n’zovuta kukhazikitsa mipando yotetezera ana ndipo sankafuna kuyiyika, koma izi zingasokoneze kwambiri chitetezo cha ana aang’ono m’magalimoto."Kuti tikwaniritse izi, timakonzekera mizere yachiwiri ndi yachitatu ya malo otetezera chitetezo cha ISOFIX monga muyezo kuti tipereke malo otetezeka kwa ana. Makolo amangofunika kuyika mipando ya mwanayo pamzere wachiwiri ndikukankhira kumbuyo kuti amalize kuyikapo mwamsanga. Tidayesa kwambiri kutalika ndi kuyika kwa zingwe zazitsulo za ISOFIX, ndikusankha mipando ya ana yopitilira khumi ndi iwiri pamsika kuti iyesedwe mobwerezabwereza ndikukhathamiritsa, ndipo pomaliza tidapeza njira yosavuta komanso yosavuta yokhazikitsira "Pony adakumana nayo kukhazikitsa kwa ana ake omwe.Mipando ya ana ndizochitika zowopsya zomwe zimafuna khama kwambiri kotero kuti munthu amatuluka thukuta.Amanyadira kwambiri kapangidwe kake ka malo otetezedwa a ISOFIX pamzere wachiwiri ndi wachitatu.
Tagwiranso ntchito ndi mtundu wa mipando ya ana kuti tikulitse ntchito yoiwala mwana - mwana akangoiwalika m'galimoto ndipo mwini wake atseka galimotoyo ndikuchoka, galimotoyo imalira siren ndikukankhira chikumbutso kudzera pa Li Auto App.
Whiplash ndi chimodzi mwa zovulala zofala kwambiri zomwe zimachitika pa ngozi ya galimoto.Ziwerengero zikuwonetsa kuti mu 26% yakugundana kumbuyo, mitu kapena makosi a oyendetsa ndi okwera adzavulala.Chifukwa cha kuvulala kwa "whiplash" kwa khosi la wokhalamo chifukwa cha kugundana kwakumapeto, gulu la chitetezo cha kugunda linkachitanso maulendo okwana 16 a FEA (finite element analysis) ndi maulendo a 8 otsimikizira kuti afufuze ndi kuthetsa vuto lililonse laling'ono. ., zozungulira zopitilira 50 zotengera mapulani zidachitika, kuonetsetsa kuti kuwonongeka kwa wogwiritsa ntchito aliyense pakagundana kungachepe.Katswiri wa R&D wapampando Feng Ge adati, "Pankhani ya kugundana kwadzidzidzi kumbuyo, mongoyerekeza, sikophweka kuti mutu, chifuwa, mimba ndi miyendo ya wokhalamo avulazidwe kwambiri, koma ngakhale pangakhale ngozi pang'ono, sitikufuna kuzisiya."
Pofuna kupewa ngozi zachitetezo cha "whiplash", Ideal imalimbikiranso kugwiritsa ntchito mitu iwiri.Pachifukwa ichi, sizinamvetsetsedwe ndi ogwiritsa ntchito ena ndipo amaonedwa kuti si "zapamwamba" mokwanira.
Zhixing anafotokoza kuti: "Ntchito yaikulu ya mutu wa mutu ndi kuteteza khosi. Pofuna kupititsa patsogolo chitonthozo, mutu wa mutu wa njira zinayi ndi ntchito yopita patsogolo ndi kumbuyo nthawi zambiri umabwerera mmbuyo kuti uwonjezere phindu la kusiyana kwa mutu ndikupitirira kupanga boma Pankhani iyi , pakagwa kugundana, chitetezo cha mutu pamutu chimachepetsedwa, ndipo kuvulala kwa khosi kudzawonjezeka, pamene mutu wa njira ziwiri 'ukakamiza' khosi ndi mutu wa kasitomala kuti akhazikitsidwe pamalo otetezeka. udindo ".
Ogwiritsa ntchito nthawi zambiri amawonjezera mapilo a khosi pamutu pawo kuti akhale omasuka."Ndizowopsa kwenikweni. 'Whiplash' panthawi ya kugundana kumbuyo kudzawonjezera chiopsezo cha kuvulala kwa khosi. Pamene kugundana kumachitika, zomwe tiyenera kuthandizira ndi mutu kuti tipewe. "Mutu umaponyedwa kumbuyo, osati pakhosi, ndichifukwa chake chowongolera chamutu choyenera chimabwera ndi mapilo ofewa bwino, "atero a Wei Hong, injiniya wa cockpit komanso woyeserera wakunja.
"Kwa gulu lathu lachitetezo chapampando, chitetezo cha 100% sikokwanira. Tiyenera kukwaniritsa ntchito ya 120% kuti tiwoneke kuti ndi oyenerera. Zofuna zokha zoterezi sizimatilola kukhala otsanzira. Tiyenera kulowa mozama muchitetezo cha mpando Pankhani ya kugonana. ndikutonthoza kafukufuku ndi chitukuko, muyenera kukhala ndi mawu omaliza ndikuwongolera tsogolo lanu.
Ngakhale kukonzekera ndi kovuta, sitingayerekeze kupulumutsa ntchito, ndipo ngakhale kukoma ndi okwera mtengo, ife angayerekeze kuchepetsa chuma chuma.
Ku Li Auto, timalimbikira nthawi zonse kuti chitetezo ndiye chinthu chapamwamba kwambiri.
Mapangidwe obisika awa ndi "kung fu" osawoneka pamipando yabwino yamagalimoto amatha kuteteza wachibale aliyense m'galimoto panthawi yovuta, koma tikukhulupirira kuti sizidzagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Nthawi yotumiza: May-14-2024