Kukula kwa magetsi atsopano kumayamba, ndipo nkhani yokonzanso mphamvu yakhala imodzi mwazinthu zomwe mafakitalewo wachita chidwi ndi. Pomwe aliyense akukangana ndi maubwino ochulukirapo komanso osinthana ndi batri, kodi pali "pulani c" kuti mulipire magalimoto atsopano?
Mwinanso kutengera zingwe zopanda waya wa mafoni a mafoni a mafoni a mafoni, kukhazikika kwa ma vaya opanda zingwe kwakhalanso imodzi mwamaukadaulo omwe mainjiniya agonjetsedwa. Malinga ndi malipoti a media, osati kale litali, ukadaulo wagalimoto wopanda waya udalandira kafukufuku. Gulu lofufuzira ndi chitukuko linati pakhosi yopanda zingwe imatha kupatsira mphamvu pagalimoto yokhala ndi mphamvu ya 100kW, yomwe imatha kuwonjezera batire la batire, zomwe zimangopitilira 50 mphindi.
Zachidziwikire, ukadaulo wagalimoto wopanda waya suwu ukadaulo watsopano. Ndi kupezeka kwa magetsi atsopano, mphamvu zosiyanasiyana zakhala zikuyang'ana pangobwezera wopanda zingwe kwa nthawi yayitali, kuphatikizapo BBA, Volvo ndi makampani osiyanasiyana panyumba.
Ukadaulo wa ma vatilows opanda waya udakalipobe, ndipo maboma ambiri akumaloko akutenganso mwayiwu kuti afufuze zotheka paulendo wamtsogolo. Komabe, chifukwa cha zinthu monga mtengo, mphamvu, ndi zomangamanga, ukadaulo wagalimoto wopanda waya watha malonda pamlingo waukulu. Pali zovuta zambiri zomwe zimafunikirabe kugonjetsedwa. Nkhani yatsopano yokhudza zingwe zopanda zingwe m'magalimoto sizovuta kunena.
Monga tonse tikudziwa, kulipira zopanda zingwe sikwachinthu chatsopano mu mabizinesi am'manja. Kulipiritsa kopanda zingwe kwa magalimoto sikotchuka monga kulipirira mafoni a m'manja, koma kwakopa kale makampani ambiri kuti asirire ukadaulo.
Ponseponse, pali njira zinayi zakukhosi zoperekera magetsi: mawonekedwe a electromagnetic, redentic kumunda wamagnetic, kuphatikiza magetsi, ndi mafunde ayilesi. Pakati pawo, mafoni am'manja ndi magalimoto amagetsi makamaka amagwiritsa ntchito electromagnetic inctioker ndi magnetic kumunda.
Pakati pawo, kutsamba kwa zingwe popanda waya kumagwiritsa ntchito mfundo ya electromagnetic mediatic ya electromagneti ndi maginito kuti mupange magetsi. Imakhala ndi ndalama zambiri, koma mtunda wolipirira ndi wamfupi komanso zomwe zingafunikire malo omwe alipo nawonso amakhala okhwima. Polankhula, kulipira kwa maginito popanda kutsika kumakhala kochepa kwambiri komanso mtunda wautali, womwe umatha kuthandizira ma masentimita angapo kumamita angapo, koma zowongolera ndizotsika pang'ono kuposa kale.
Chifukwa chake, kumayambiriro kwa matebulo osathamangitsa waya, makampani agalimoto amakonda ma elekitromagnetic information ukadaulo wopanda zingwe. Makampani oyimilirawo akuphatikiza bmw, daimler ndi makampani ena magalimoto. Kuyambira nthawi imeneyo, kukhathamiritsa kwa maginito sikulimbikitsidwa, kumayimiriridwa ndi othandizira madongosolo monga ziyeneretso ndi umboni.
Poyambirira pa Julayi 2014, BMW ndi Daimler (tsopano Mercedes-Benz) adalengeza mgwirizano wogwirizana ndi matebulo opanda zingwe. Mu 2018, BMW idayamba kupanga chidole chopanda waya ndikupangitsa kuti ikhale yosankha ya manambala 5 preg-mu mtundu wosakanizira. Mphamvu yake yovota ndi idger ya 3.2kW, kutembenuka kosintha mphamvu kwa mphamvu kumafikira 85%, ndipo imatha kuperekedwa kwa maola 3.5.
Mu 2021, Volvo igwiritsa ntchito taxi yamagetsi ya XC40 yoyera kuti iyambe kuyesa zingwe ku Sweden. Volvo yakhazikitsa madera angapo oyeserera ku Urbanburg, Sweden. Magalimoto oyendetsa magalimoto okha amangofunika kupaka pazida zopanda waya zomwe zimaphatikizidwa mumsewu kuti muyambitse ntchito. Volvo adati mphamvu zake zopanda waya zitha kufikira 40kW, ndipo imatha kuyenda mtunda wa makilomita 100.
Mu gawo la phompho lopanda zingwe, dziko langa lakhala likuchitika pamaso pa mafakitale. Mu 2015, China Southern Torge Grid Guangxi yamagetsi yofufuza makonzedwe ofufuza amange njira yoyamba ya zingwe. Mu 2018, saic roewe adayambitsa mtundu wamagetsi wamagetsi woyambirira wokhala ndi zingwe. Faw Hongqi adayambitsa ukadaulo wa Hongqi womwe umachiritsira ukadaulo wopanda waya mu 2020. Mu Marichi 2023, saic zhiya adayambitsa chipata chofewa cha 11kW.
Ndipo Tesla ndi amodzi mwa omwe akufufuza m'munda wa waya wopanda waya. Mu June 2023, Tesla adakhala US $ 76 miliyoni kuti tipeze Wafirion ndikuyitanitsanso TESLA International Germany, kukonzekera kulipira zingwe pa mtengo wotsika mtengo. M'mbuyomu, a Tesla Ceo Musk anali ndi malingaliro olakwika ogulitsa zingwe ndipo amadzudzula opanda zingwe monga "mphamvu zochepa komanso zokwanira". Tsopano amatcha kuti chamtsogolo.
Zachidziwikire, makampani ambiri amagalimoto monga Toyota, Honda, Nissan, ndi Moto motamake akupanganso ukadaulo wopanda waya.
Ngakhale magulu ambiri amachititsa kuti azigwiranso ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali m'munda wa zingwe, ukadaulo wamalonda surmnology yopanda zingwe sikunachitikebe. Chofunikira choletsa kukula ndi mphamvu. Tengani Hongqi E-HS9 monga chitsanzo. Tekinolo yopanda zingwe yopanda zingwe yomwe ili ndi mphamvu yotulutsa 10kW, yomwe ndiyokwera pang'ono kuposa mphamvu ya 7kW yamphamvu yolipirira. Mitundu ina imangopeza mphamvu yolipira dongosolo la 3.2kw. Mwanjira ina, palibe mwayi uliwonse pazowongolera zoterezi.
Zachidziwikire, ngati mphamvu ya maya opanda zingwe imayendetsedwa bwino, ikhoza kukhala nkhani ina. Mwachitsanzo, monga tafotokozera kumayambiriro kwa nkhaniyo, gulu lofufuzira lakhala likukwaniritsa mphamvu ya 100kw, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti ngati mphamvu yotulutsa itha kuchitika, galimotoyo ikhoza kuperekedwa mokwanira pafupifupi ola limodzi. Ngakhale ndizosavuta kufananiza ndi kubweza kwambiri, ndikadali kusankha kwatsopano kokonzanso mphamvu.
Kuchokera pakuwona kwa malo ogwiritsira ntchito, mwayi waukulu kwambiri wamaukadaulo wopanda waya ndikuchepetsa njira zamakina. Poyerekeza ndi kulipira kwa chipilala, eni magalimoto amafunika kugwira ntchito zingapo monga kupatulira, ndikunyamula mfuti, ndikulemba mipanda yosiyanasiyana, yomwe ndi njira yovuta kwambiri.
Makina opanga opanda waya ndi osavuta. Malo oyendetsa galimoto atavala galimoto, chipangizocho chimangodziwa bwino ndipo kenako chikuimbidwa milandu. Galimoto itatha, galimotoyo imayendetsa mwachindunji, ndipo mwiniwake sayenera kuchita ntchito zina. Kuchokera pakuwona kwa ogwiritsa ntchito, imapangitsanso anthu kukhala okopa ntchito akagwiritsa ntchito magalimoto amagetsi.
Kodi nchifukwa ninji kuwongolera magalimoto opanda zingwe kumakopa chidwi chachikulu ndi mabizinesi ndi othandizira? Kuchokera pakukula kwa chitukuko, nthawi yopanda driver draorio driver ikhoza kukhala nthawi yakutukuka kwakukulu kwa ma photonollognoloje. Kwa magalimoto kuti asayendetsedi, amafunikira chipilala chopanda zingwe kuti achotse zingwe za zikwangwani.
Chifukwa chake, othandizira ambiri omwe akulipiritsa ali ndi chiyembekezo chokhudza chitukuko cha ma tamera opanda zingwe. Madzi akulu achijerejere aku Germany akuneneratu kuti msika wopanda zingwe ku Europe ku Europe ndi ma biliyoni a US $ 258. Kumapeto, koyambirira kwa ma june 2028.
Matendawa amakhulupirira kuti kukhazikika kwa zingwe kwa magalimoto magalimoto kudzayamba kukometsera mtsogolo. Kuphatikiza pa kumalipira ndalama zosavuta, opanda zingwe ndi chimodzi mwazinthu zofunika kuzikwaniritsa. Ngati tikufuna kutsegula magalimoto oyendetsa galimoto pamtundu waukulu, opanda ma waya omwe ndi ofunikira. Ili ndi gawo lofunikira kudziko loyendetsa pawokha.
Inde, chiyembekezocho ndi chachikulu, koma zenizeni ndi zoyipa. Pakadali pano, njira zobwezeretsera zamphamvu zamagetsi zikuyamba kuchuluka, ndipo chiyembekezo chongokhalira opanda zingwe chimayembekezeka. Komabe, kuchokera pamalingaliro apano, ukadaulo wamalonda wopanda ma rawalogy akadali poyesedwa ndikukumana ndi mavuto ambiri, monga mtengo wokwera, miyezo yosasunthika, komanso pang'onopang'ono kupita patsogolo.
Vuto la kubweza bwino ndi chimodzi mwa zopinga. Mwachitsanzo, tinakambirana za luso la momwe Hongqi adachitidwira Hongqi E-HS9. Njira yotsika ya ma ral wopanda waya yatsutsidwa. Pakadali pano, kulimba kwa zingwe zopanda waya kwa magalimoto pamagalimoto kumakhala kotsika kuposa momwe amalipirira chifukwa cha kutaya kwamphamvu pakamwa pamwazi.
Kuchokera pamalingaliro okwera mtengo, kulipira maya opanda zingwe kumafunikiranso kuchepetsedwa. Kulipiritsa kopanda waya kumakhala ndi zofunikira kwambiri kuzolowera. Zomwe zimalipiritsa nthawi zambiri zimayikidwa pansi, zomwe zingaphatikize kusinthasintha ndi zovuta zina. Mtengo womangawu umakhala wokwera kuposa mtengo wamalumu wamba. Kuphatikiza apo, kumayambiriro kwa kulimbikitsa kwa ma waya popanda waya, unyolo wa mafakitale ndi wosakhazikika, ndipo mtengo wokhudzana ndi magawo okhudzana ndi magawo angapo azikhala okwera, ngakhale kuchuluka kwa nyumba yanyumba ndi mphamvu yomweyo.
Mwachitsanzo, ogwiritsa ntchito mabasi a ku Britain adaganizira za ukadaulo wopanda waya pobweza zingwe pakulimbikitsa magetsi. Komabe, atayang'aniridwa, zinapezeka kuti wopulumutsa aliyense wa ma Panels apansi adagwira makapa 70,000. Kuphatikiza apo, mtengo womanga nkhuni wopanda waya ndiwokwera kwambiri. Mwachitsanzo, mtengo womanga msewu wopanda zingwe kapena wazungu wopanda walwer ku Sweden ndi pafupifupi $ 12,5 miliyoni.
Zachidziwikire, mavuto azachitetezo atha kukhala imodzi mwazinthu zomwe zimaletsa ukadaulo wopanda waya. Kuchokera pazomwe zimakhudza thupi la munthu, kungolipira zingwe si ntchito yayikulu. Malamulo a "InterMem pa wailesi ya ma radiod dingr (zida zamphamvu) zida (kukonzekera)) Kafukufuku woyenera akuwonetsa kuti mphamvu yolipirira yoposa 20kw ndi thupi laumunthu likugwirizana kwambiri ndi malo osungirako, zitha kukhala ndi vuto linalake. Komabe, izi zimafunanso maphwando onse kuti apitilize kuchita zinthu zodziwika bwino zomwe zisanazindikiridwe ndi ogula.
Ngakhale matekinoloje osagwiritsa ntchito ma aya osagwiritsa ntchito ma valogy ndi omwe amakhala osavuta kugwirira ntchito, padakali njira yayitali kwambiri kuti ichitike itha kubisidwa pamlingo waukulu. Kutuluka mu labotale ndikukhazikitsa m'moyo weniweni, njira yodutsa zingwe kwa magalimoto imakhala yayitali komanso yovuta.
Pomwe maphwando onse akuwunika mwamphamvu gwiritsani ntchito photoglogy ya magalimoto, lingaliro la "laboti ya" labourge "layambanso. Zowawa zothetsera ndalama zothetsera zingwe zimayimiranso nkhani ya ogwiritsa ntchito, zomwe zingakwaniritse lingaliro la kuyendetsa galimoto mtsogolo. Koma pali msewu wopitilira umodzi wopita ku Roma.
Chifukwa chake, "obowoleza" ayambanso kukhala chowonjezera mu phonyezera luso la magalimoto. Osati kale litali, ku Beijing Sub-Center Coorry Equigh Green Exprew Systems Kuyesera kwa Dongosolo Labwino Lokhala ndi Robot Wogwiritsa Ntchito Lomwe Mungalipire Mabasi Maboma.
Busi yamagetsi italowa m'malo opumira, njira yamasomphenya imagwira chidziwitso cha galimotoyo, ndipo njira yotumiza kumbuyo nthawi yomweyo imagwira ntchito yolipira lobotiyo. Mothandizidwa ndi kachitidwe ka njira ndi njira yoyenda, loboti yokhayo imangoyendetsa malo osungitsa ndikungogwira mfuti. , pogwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wowoneka kuti uzindikire komwe kuli galimoto yamagetsi yolimbitsa thupi ndipo imagwira ntchito zolimbitsa thupi zokha.
Zachidziwikire, makampani agalimoto nawonso akuyamba kuwona zabwino za "gwiritsani ntchito maloboti". Pa Shanghai Auto Show, Lotus adatulutsa loboti ya Flay. Galimoto ikayenera kuimbidwa mlandu, lobotiyo imatha kukulitsa mkono wake wamagetsi ndikuyika mfuti yotsegulira mu dzenje lagalimoto. Nditalipira, imathanso kutulutsa mfutiyo yokha, kumaliza ntchito yonse kuyambira poyambira kuyendetsa galimoto.
Mosiyana ndi izi, maloboti osungunuka sikuti amangokhala ndi chindapusa chopanda zingwe, komanso amathanso kuthetsa vuto lakutha la magetsi. Ogwiritsa ntchito amathanso kusangalala ndi chisangalalo chochulukirapo popanda kutuluka mgalimoto. Zachidziwikire kuti maloboti ogulitsira nawonso adzaphatikizanso mtengo wanzeru komanso wanzeru monga kuyika komanso kupewa kupewa.
Chidule: Nkhani yokhudza kuwononga mphamvu yamagetsi nthawi zonse yakhala vuto lomwe magulu onse omwe ali mu malonda amangofunika kwambiri. Pakadali pano, njira yothetseratu komanso yankho la batri ndi njira ziwiri zazikulu kwambiri. Mwachizolowezi, mayankho awiriwa ndi okwanira kukwaniritsa zosowa za mphamvu za ogwiritsa ntchito pamlingo wina. Zachidziwikire, zinthu nthawi zonse zimayenda mtsogolo. Mwinanso ndikubwera kwa malo ogona oyendetsa galimoto, opanda zingwe ndi omwe amakulipitsani omwe angatenge mwayi watsopano.
Post Nthawi: Apr-13-2024