Monga "mtima" wa magalimoto atsopano amphamvu, kubwezeretsedwanso, kubiriwira ndi chitukuko chokhazikika cha mabatire amphamvu pambuyo popuma pantchito zakopa chidwi kwambiri mkati ndi kunja kwa makampani. Kuyambira 2016, dziko langa lakhazikitsa chitsimikizo cha zaka 8 kapena makilomita 120,000 pamabatire amagetsi onyamula anthu, zomwe ndi zaka 8 zapitazo. Izi zikutanthawuzanso kuti kuyambira chaka chino, chiwerengero china cha zitsimikizo za batri yamagetsi chidzatha chaka chilichonse.
Malinga ndi Gasgoo's "Power Battery Ladder Utilization and Recycling Industry Report (2024 Edition)" (yotchedwa "Report"), mu 2023, matani 623,000 a mabatire opuma pantchito adzasinthidwanso m'nyumba, ndipo akuyembekezeka kufika 1.2 miliyoni. matani mu 2025, ndipo adzabwezeretsedwanso mu 2030. Anafika matani 6 miliyoni.
Masiku ano, Unduna wa Zamakampani ndi Upangiri Waukadaulo wayimitsa kuvomereza mndandanda woyera wamakampani obwezeretsanso batire, ndipo mtengo wa lithiamu carbonate watsika mpaka 80,000 yuan/tani. Mlingo wobwezeretsanso zinthu za faifi tambala, cobalt ndi manganese pamsika umaposa 99%. Mothandizidwa ndi zinthu zingapo monga kupereka, mtengo, ndondomeko, ndi luso lamakono, makampani obwezeretsanso mabatire a mphamvu, omwe akudutsa nthawi yokonzanso, akhoza kuyandikira malo osinthika.
The funde of decommissioning ikuyandikira, ndipo makampani akufunikabe kukhala okhazikika
M'zaka zaposachedwa, kukula kwachangu kwa magalimoto amagetsi atsopano kwabweretsa kuwonjezereka kosalekeza kwa mphamvu yoyika mabatire amphamvu, kupereka chithandizo champhamvu chakukula kwa batire yamagetsi yobwezeretsanso mphamvu, mafakitale atsopano amphamvu pambuyo pozungulira.
Malinga ndi ziwerengero za Unduna wa Zachitetezo cha Anthu, pofika kumapeto kwa Juni, kuchuluka kwa magalimoto amagetsi atsopano m'dziko lonselo kudafika 24.72 miliyoni, zomwe zimawerengera 7.18% ya magalimoto onse. Pali magalimoto amagetsi amagetsi a 18.134 miliyoni, omwe amawerengera 73.35% ya kuchuluka kwa magalimoto atsopano amagetsi. Malinga ndi zomwe zatulutsidwa ndi China Automotive Power Battery Industry Innovation Alliance, mu theka loyamba la chaka chino chokha, kuchuluka kwa mabatire amagetsi m'dziko langa kunali 203.3GWh.
"Lipoti" linanena kuti kuyambira 2015, malonda atsopano a galimoto yamagetsi a dziko langa awonetsa kukula kwakukulu, ndipo mphamvu yoyika mabatire amphamvu yawonjezeka moyenerera. Malinga ndi moyo wa batri wapakati pa zaka 5 mpaka 8, mabatire amagetsi atsala pang'ono kubweretsa kuthawa kwakukulu.
Ndizoyeneranso kudziwa kuti mabatire amagetsi ogwiritsidwa ntchito ndi owopsa kwambiri ku chilengedwe komanso thupi la munthu. Zida za gawo lililonse la batire la mphamvu zimatha kuchitapo kanthu ndi zinthu zina m'chilengedwe kuti zipange zowononga. Akangolowa m'nthaka, m'madzi ndi mumlengalenga, amawononga kwambiri. Zitsulo monga lead, mercury, cobalt, faifi tambala, mkuwa, ndi manganese zimakhalanso ndi zotsatira zolimbitsa thupi ndipo zimatha kudziunjikira m'thupi la munthu kudzera munjira yazakudya, ndikuwononga thanzi la munthu.
Chithandizo chapakati chosavulaza chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito mabatire a lithiamu-ion ndi kubwezeretsanso zinthu zachitsulo ndi njira zofunika kuonetsetsa kuti thanzi la anthu ndi chitukuko chokhazikika cha chilengedwe. Chifukwa chake, poyang'anizana ndi kuchotsedwa kwakukulu komwe kukubwera kwa mabatire amagetsi, ndikofunikira kwambiri komanso mwachangu kugwiritsa ntchito bwino mabatire amagetsi ogwiritsidwa ntchito.
Pofuna kulimbikitsa chitukuko chokhazikika chamakampani obwezeretsanso mabatire, Unduna wa Zamakampani ndi Ukadaulo Wachidziwitso wathandizira gulu lamakampani ogwirizana obwezeretsanso mabatire. Pakadali pano, yatulutsa mndandanda woyera wamakampani 156 obwezeretsanso mabatire amagetsi m'magulu 5, kuphatikiza makampani 93 omwe ali ndi ziyeneretso zogwiritsira ntchito tiered, makampani ochotsa, Pali makampani 51 omwe ali ndi ziyeneretso zobwezeretsanso ndi makampani 12 omwe ali ndi ziyeneretso zonse ziwiri.
Kuphatikiza pa "ankhondo okhazikika" omwe tawatchulawa, msika wobwezeretsanso batire ndi msika waukulu kwambiri wakopa kuchuluka kwamakampani ambiri, ndipo mpikisano wamakampani onse obwezeretsa batire lifiyamu wawonetsa vuto laling'ono komanso lobalalika.
"Lipoti" lidawonetsa kuti kuyambira Juni 25 chaka chino, panali makampani 180,878 okhudzana ndi mabatire apanyumba, omwe 49,766 adzalembetsedwa mu 2023, omwe ndi 27.5% ya moyo wonse. Pakati pa makampani 180,000 awa, 65% adalembetsa ndalama zosakwana 5 miliyoni, ndipo ndi makampani "ang'onoang'ono amisonkhano" omwe mphamvu zawo zaukadaulo, njira zobwezeretsanso, ndi mtundu wamabizinesi ziyenera kukonzedwanso ndikutukulidwa.
Ogwira ntchito m'mafakitale anena momveka bwino kuti kugwiritsa ntchito mabatire amphamvu m'dziko langa ndikubwezeretsanso kuli ndi maziko abwino achitukuko, koma msika wobwezeretsanso mabatire amagetsi uli m'chipwirikiti, mphamvu yogwiritsira ntchito mokwanira ikuyenera kukonzedwa, ndipo njira yosinthira yobwezeretsanso iyenera kusinthidwa. bwino.
Ndi zinthu zambiri zomwe zimayikidwa pamwamba, bizinesiyo imatha kufika pachimake
The "White Paper on Development of China Lithium-ion Battery Recycling, Dismantling and Echelon Utilization Industry (2024)" lofalitsidwa ndi China Battery Industry Research Institute ndi mabungwe ena amasonyeza kuti mu 2023, 623,000 matani 623,000 mabatire lifiyamu-ion anali kwenikweni zobwezerezedwanso. M'dziko lonselo, koma makampani 156 okha omwe adalengezedwa ndi Unduna wa Zamakampani ndi Upangiri Wachidziwitso Mphamvu zopangira mabizinesi omwe amakwaniritsa kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kokwanira kwa mabatire amagetsi otayira kumafika matani 3.793 miliyoni / chaka, ndipo kuchuluka kwamphamvu kwamakampani onse 16.4% yokha.
Gasgoo amamvetsetsa kuti chifukwa cha zinthu monga kukhudzika kwa mtengo wa zida za batri yamagetsi, makampaniwa tsopano alowa gawo lokonzanso. Makampani ena apereka zambiri pazambiri zobwezeretsanso zamakampani onse osapitilira 25%.
Pamene dziko langa lamagetsi lamagetsi likuyenda kuchokera ku chitukuko chothamanga kupita ku chitukuko chapamwamba, kuyang'anira makampani ogwiritsira ntchito mabatire amphamvu kumakhalanso kovuta kwambiri, ndipo mapangidwe a mafakitale akuyembekezeka kukonzedwa bwino.
M'mwezi wa Marichi chaka chino, pomwe Unduna wa Zamakampani ndi Ukadaulo Wachidziwitso udapereka "Chidziwitso Chokhudza Kukonzekera Mabizinesi Omwe Ali ndi Mikhalidwe Yokhazikika Pakugwiritsa Ntchito Mokwanira Zinthu Zotsitsimutsa ndi Kukonzanso Zinthu Zamagetsi ndi Zamagetsi mu 2024" kwa makampani am'deralo ndi akuluakulu azidziwitso. , idanenanso kuti "kuyimitsidwa kwa kuvomereza kwa batire yatsopano yamagetsi yamagetsi" Gwiritsani ntchito mikhalidwe yokhazikika pakulengeza bizinesi. Akuti cholinga cha kuyimitsidwa uku ndikuwunikanso makampani omwe adalembetsedwa, ndikupereka malingaliro owongolera makampani omwe adalembetsedwa kale omwe ali osayenerera, kapena ngakhale kuletsa ziyeneretso za omwe ali ovomerezeka.
Kuyimitsidwa kwa mapulogalamu oyenerera kwadabwitsa makampani ambiri omwe akukonzekera kulowa nawo "gulu lankhondo lokhazikika" la whitelist yobwezeretsanso batire. Pakali pano, poyitanitsa ntchito zazikulu ndi zazing'ono zobwezeretsanso batire ya lithiamu, zakhala zikufunika kuti makampani alembetsedwe. Kusunthaku kunatumiza chizindikiro choziziritsa kumakampani obwezeretsanso batire a lithiamu kuti apange ndalama zopangira komanso kumanga. Nthawi yomweyo, izi zimawonjezeranso ziyeneretso zamakampani omwe adalandira kale zoyera.
Kuphatikiza apo, "Action Plan for Promoting Large-Scale Equipment Updates and Trade-in of Consumer Goods" ikufuna kupititsa patsogolo mwamsanga miyezo ndi ndondomeko za mabatire amphamvu omwe achotsedwa ntchito, zipangizo zobwezerezedwanso, ndi zina zotero. analetsedwa kulowa m'dziko langa. Tsopano kuitanitsa kwa mabatire amagetsi opuma pantchito kuli pandandanda, komwe kumatulutsanso chizindikiro chatsopano mu kasamalidwe ka mphamvu zobwezeretsanso mabatire m'dziko langa.
Mu August, mtengo wa batire kalasi lithiamu carbonate kuposa 80,000 yuan/tani, kuponya mthunzi pa mphamvu batire yobwezeretsanso makampani. Malinga ndi zomwe zatulutsidwa ndi Shanghai Steel Federation pa Ogasiti 9, mtengo wapakati wa lithiamu carbonate wa batri udanenedwa pa 79,500 yuan/tani. Kukwera kwamitengo ya batire ya lithiamu carbonate kwakweza mtengo wa lithiamu batire yobwezeretsanso, kukopa makampani amitundu yonse kuti athamangire munjira yobwezeretsanso. Masiku ano, mtengo wa lithiamu carbonate ukupitirirabe kugwa, zomwe zakhudza mwachindunji chitukuko cha makampani, ndi makampani obwezeretsanso omwe ali ndi vuto lalikulu.
Iliyonse mwa mitundu itatuyi ili ndi zabwino ndi zovuta zake, ndipo mgwirizano ukuyembekezeka kukhala wodziwika bwino.
Mabatire amphamvu akathetsedwa, kugwiritsa ntchito kwachiwiri ndikuchotsa ndi kubwezeretsanso ndi njira ziwiri zazikulu zotayira. Pakalipano, njira yogwiritsira ntchito echelon ndi yovuta kwambiri, ndipo chuma chimafunika mwamsanga kupita patsogolo kwa teknoloji ndi chitukuko cha zochitika zatsopano. Chofunikira pakugwetsa ndikubwezeretsanso ndikupezerapo phindu pokonza, ndipo ukadaulo ndi mayendedwe ndizomwe zimathandizira kwambiri.
"Report" ikuwonetsa kuti malinga ndi mabungwe osiyanasiyana obwezeretsanso, pakali pano pali mitundu itatu yobwezeretsanso m'makampani: opanga mabatire amphamvu monga gulu lalikulu, makampani amagalimoto monga gulu lalikulu, ndi makampani a chipani chachitatu monga gulu lalikulu.
Ndizofunikira kudziwa kuti pakutsika kwa phindu komanso zovuta zazikulu mumakampani obwezeretsanso mabatire amagetsi, makampani oyimira mitundu itatu yobwezeretsanso akupeza phindu kudzera muukadaulo waukadaulo, kusintha kwamabizinesi, ndi zina zambiri.
Akuti pofuna kuchepetsanso ndalama zopangira, kukwaniritsa zobwezeretsanso zinthu ndikuwonetsetsa kuti zinthu zikuyenda bwino, makampani opanga mabatire amphamvu monga CATL, Guoxuan High-Tech, ndi Yiwei Lithium Energy atumiza mabizinesi obwezeretsanso mabatire a lithiamu ndikusinthanso.
Pan Xuexing, mkulu wa chitukuko chokhazikika cha CATL, adanenapo kuti CATL ili ndi njira yakeyake yobwezeretsanso batire, yomwe imatha kukwaniritsa mabatire otsekeka. Mabatire a zinyalala amasinthidwa mwachindunji kukhala zida zopangira batire kudzera munjira yobwezeretsanso, zomwe zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito mwachindunji mu mabatire mu sitepe yotsatira. Malinga ndi malipoti a anthu, umisiri wobwezeretsanso wa CATL ukhoza kukwaniritsa kuchira kwa 99,6% kwa faifi tambala, cobalt ndi manganese, komanso kuchira kwa lithiamu 91%. Mu 2023, CATL idapanga pafupifupi matani 13,000 a lithiamu carbonate ndikukonzanso matani pafupifupi 100,000 a mabatire omwe adagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Kumapeto kwa chaka chatha, "Njira Zoyang'anira Kugwiritsa Ntchito Mokwanira Mabatire a Mphamvu pa Magalimoto Atsopano Amagetsi (Draft for Comments)" inatulutsidwa, kufotokoza udindo womwe mabungwe osiyanasiyana amalonda ayenera kukhala nawo pakugwiritsa ntchito bwino mabatire a mphamvu. M'malo mwake, opanga magalimoto ayenera kukhala ndi udindo pamabatire amagetsi omwe adayikidwa. Kubwezeretsanso udindo wa mutu.
Pakadali pano, ma OEM achitanso bwino kwambiri pakubwezeretsanso mabatire amagetsi. Geely Automobile idalengeza pa Julayi 24 kuti ikufulumizitsa kukonzanso ndi kukonzanso kwa magalimoto atsopano amphamvu ndipo yapeza kuchira kopitilira 99% kwa faifi tambala, cobalt ndi manganese zida zamabatire amagetsi.
Pofika kumapeto kwa 2023, Geely's Evergreen New Energy idakonza matani 9,026.98 a mabatire amagetsi ogwiritsidwa ntchito ndikulowa nawo mu traceability system, ndikupanga pafupifupi matani 4,923 a nickel sulfate, matani 2,210 a cobalt sulfate, 1,74 manganese a manganese, ndi matani 1,681 a lithiamu carbonate. Zogulitsa zobwezerezedwanso zimagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pokonzekera zinthu zotsogola za kampani yathu. Kuonjezera apo, kupyolera mu kuyesa kwapadera kwa mabatire akale omwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito muzogwiritsira ntchito echelon, amagwiritsidwa ntchito ku Geely's own site logistics forklifts. Ntchito yoyeserera yaposachedwa yogwiritsira ntchito ma echelon forklifts yakhazikitsidwa. Oyendetsa ndege akamaliza, akhoza kukwezedwa ku gulu lonse. Panthawiyo, ikhoza kukwaniritsa zosowa za magalimoto amagetsi a 2,000 pagulu. Zofunikira zatsiku ndi tsiku za forklift.
Monga kampani ya chipani chachitatu, GEM idanenanso m'chilengezo chake cham'mbuyomu kuti idakonzanso ndikuphwanya matani 7,900 a mabatire amagetsi (0.88GWh) mgawo loyamba la chaka chino, chiwonjezeko chaka ndi chaka ndi 27.47%, ndipo ikukonzekera konzanso ndikuchotsa matani 45,000 a mabatire amphamvu chaka chonse. Mu 2023, GEM idabwezanso ndikuchotsa matani 27,454 a mabatire amagetsi (3.05GWh), kuwonjezeka kwachaka ndi 57.49%. Bizinesi yobwezeretsanso mabatire amphamvu idapeza ndalama zogwirira ntchito za yuan 1.131 biliyoni, kuwonjezeka kwachaka ndi 81.98%. Kuphatikiza apo, GEM pakali pano ili ndi 5 yatsopano yowononga mphamvu ya batire yamakampani olengeza, omwe ali ku China kwambiri, ndipo yapanga njira yolumikizirana yobwezeretsanso ndi BYD, Mercedes-Benz China, Guangzhou Automobile Group, Dongfeng Passenger Cars, Chery Automobile, ndi zina.
Iliyonse mwa mitundu itatuyi ili ndi zabwino ndi zovuta zake. Kubwezeretsanso ndi opanga mabatire monga gawo lalikulu kumathandizira kuzindikira kukonzanso komwe kumayendera mabatire ogwiritsidwa ntchito. Ma OEM atha kupindula ndi maubwino odziwikiratu kuti mtengo wobwezeretsanso ukhale wotsika, pomwe makampani ena atha kuthandiza mabatire. Kuchulukitsa kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu.
M'tsogolomu, bwanji kuthyola zotchinga mu batire yobwezeretsanso makampani?
"Lipoti" likugogomezera kuti mgwirizano wamafakitale ndi mgwirizano wakuya pakati pa kumtunda ndi kumtunda kwa unyolo wa mafakitale zidzathandiza kuti pakhale kutsekedwa kwa batri yotsekedwa ndikugwiritsanso ntchito unyolo wamakampani omwe ali ndi mphamvu zambiri komanso zotsika mtengo. Mgwirizano wamakampani ndi mgwirizano wamagulu ambiri akuyembekezeka kukhala njira yayikulu yobwezeretsanso mabatire.
Nthawi yotumiza: Aug-14-2024