"Kilomita imodzi pa sekondi imodzi ndikuyendetsa makilomita 200 mutathamanga mphindi 5."Pa February 27, pamsonkhano wa Huawei China Digital Energy Partner wa 2024, Huawei Digital Energy Technology Co., Ltd. kuthamangitsa mafuta kukuchitikadi."Malinga ndi dongosololi, Huawei Digital Energy idzamanga milu yopitilira 100,000 ya Huawei m'mizinda yopitilira 340 ndi misewu yayikulu mdziko lonse mu 2024 kuti apange "network imodzi yamizinda", "network imodzi yothamanga kwambiri" ndi "gridi imodzi yamagetsi"."Wochezeka" wotsatsa network.M'malo mwake, Huawei adatulutsa chida champhamvu choziziritsa bwino chamadzimadzi koyambirira kwa Okutobala chaka chatha, ndipo wamaliza kukonza malo owonetsera angapo mpaka pano.
Zodabwitsa ndizakuti, NIO idalengeza kumapeto kwa chaka chatha kuti idatulutsa mulu watsopano wa 640kW woziziritsidwa wamadzimadzi wothamanga kwambiri.Mulu wothamangitsa kwambiriwu uli ndi mfuti yoziziritsa yamadzimadzi yomwe imalemera ma kilogalamu 2.4 okha ndipo ikhazikitsidwa mwalamulo mu Epulo chaka chino.Mpaka pano, anthu ambiri atcha 2024 chaka cha kuphulika kwa ma supercharger oziziritsidwa bwino ndi madzi.Ponena za chinthu chatsopanochi, ndikuganiza kuti aliyense akadali ndi mafunso ambiri: Kodi kuchulukitsa kwamadzimadzi ndi chiyani kwenikweni?Kodi ubwino wake wapadera ndi wotani?Kodi kuzirala kwamadzimadzi kudzakhala njira yokulirapo yopangira ma supercharging mtsogolomo?
01
Kulipiritsa koyenera komanso kofulumira
"Pakadali pano, palibe tanthawuzo logwirizana lazomwe zimatchedwa kuti supercharger yoziziritsidwa bwino."Wei Dong, injiniya ku Microelectronics Technology Laboratory ya Xi'an University of Technology, adauza mtolankhani wochokera ku China Automotive News.M'mawu a layman, supercharger yoziziritsidwa bwino yamadzimadzi Kuthamanga kwamadzi ndi ukadaulo womwe umagwiritsa ntchito kayendedwe kamadzimadzi kuti uchotse mwachangu kutentha komwe kumapangidwa panthawi yolipiritsa ndi zinthu zazikulu monga ma module opangira, zingwe, ndi mitu yamfuti.Imagwiritsa ntchito pampu yamagetsi yodzipatulira kuyendetsa kayendedwe ka zoziziritsa kukhosi, potero imataya kutentha ndikulola zida zolipirira kuti zizigwira ntchito bwino.Choziziritsa mumilu yodzaza ndi madzi-utakhazikika simadzi wamba, koma nthawi zambiri chimakhala ndi ethylene glycol, madzi, zowonjezera ndi zina.Ponena za gawoli, ndichinsinsi chaukadaulo cha kampani iliyonse.Zozizira sizingangowonjezera kukhazikika ndi kuziziritsa kwamadzimadzi, komanso kuchepetsa dzimbiri ndi kuwonongeka kwa zida.Muyenera kudziwa kuti njira yochotsera kutentha imakhudza kwambiri magwiridwe antchito a zida zolipirira.Malinga ndi mawerengedwe ongoyerekeza, kutentha kwaposachedwa kwa milu yothamangitsa yamphamvu kwambiri ya DC ndi pafupifupi 5%.Popanda kutentha kwabwino, sizidzangowonjezera kukalamba kwa zipangizo, komanso kumayambitsa kulephera kwakukulu kwa zipangizo zolipiritsa.
Ndi ndendende mothandizidwa ndi ukadaulo wathunthu wamadzimadzi oziziritsa kutentha komwe mphamvu yamilu yozizirira yamadzimadzi imakhala yayikulu kwambiri kuposa milu yothamangitsa wamba.Mwachitsanzo, mulu wa Huawei wozizira kwambiri wamadzimadzi uli ndi mphamvu zopitirira 600kW, zomwe zimalola ogwiritsa ntchito kusangalala ndi "kapu ya khofi ndi charger" yachangu kwambiri."Ngakhale kuti ma charger apano komanso mphamvu za ma supercharger oziziritsidwa bwino ndi madzi ndi osiyana pakadali pano, onse ndi amphamvu kuposa ma charger wamba ndi ma supercharger wamba."Zeng Xin, pulofesa wa pa yunivesite ya Science and Technology Beijing, anauza mtolankhani wochokera ku China Automotive News, Pakali pano, mphamvu ya milu yothamangitsira mofulumira nthawi zambiri imakhala yozungulira 120kW, ndipo milu yowonjezera yowonjezera imakhala pafupifupi 300kW.Mphamvu ya milu yodzaza ndi madzi-utakhazikika bwino kuchokera ku Huawei ndi NIO imatha kufikira 600kW.Kuphatikiza apo, mulu wa Huawei wokhazikika wamadzimadzi wokhazikika ulinso ndi chidziwitso chanzeru komanso ntchito zosinthira.Imatha kusintha mphamvu yotulutsa ndi yapano malinga ndi kuchuluka kwa batire lamitundu yosiyanasiyana, ndikukwaniritsa chiwongola dzanja chimodzi mpaka 99%.
"Kutentha kwa milu yoziziritsa bwino kwambiri yamadzimadzi kwachititsanso chitukuko cha makampani onse."Malinga ndi Hu Fenglin, wofufuza ku New Energy Innovation Technology Center ya Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, zigawo zofunika kuti milu yamadzi-utakhazikika bwino imatha kugawidwa m'magawo a zida za Overcharging, zigawo zambiri zamapangidwe, kuthamanga kwamagetsi othamanga kwambiri. zipangizo ndi zigawo zina, kuphatikizapo zomveka zanzeru, tchipisi silicon carbide, mapampu mphamvu, coolants, komanso modules madzi-utakhazikika mokwanira, kwathunthu madzi utakhazikika kulipiritsa mfuti ndi kulipiritsa. m'milu ochiritsira ochiritsira.
02
Ndiwochezeka kugwiritsa ntchito, moyo wautali
Poyerekeza ndi milu yolipiritsa wamba komanso milu yothamangitsa mwachangu / yapamwamba kwambiri, milu yothamangitsa yamadzimadzi yokhazikika simangothamangitsa, komanso imakhala ndi zabwino zambiri."Mfuti yolipiritsa ya Huawei's supercharger yoziziritsidwa bwino zamadzimadzi ndiyopepuka, ndipo ngakhale eni magalimoto achikazi omwe ali ndi mphamvu zochepa amatha kuyigwiritsa ntchito mosavuta, mosiyana ndi mfuti zowombera zam'mbuyomu zomwe zinali zokulirapo."Zhou Xiang, mwini galimoto yamagetsi ku Chongqing, adatero.
"Kugwiritsa ntchito matekinoloje atsopano, zida zatsopano, ndi malingaliro atsopano kumapereka maubwino amilu amadzimadzi ozizira kwambiri omwe milu yoyatsira wamba sangafanane nayo m'mbuyomu."Hu Fenglin adanena kuti pamilu yoziziritsa bwino yamadzimadzi, mphamvu zapano ndi mphamvu ndizowonjezereka njira zazikulu zolipiritsa mwachangu.Nthawi zambiri, kutentha kwa chingwe cholipiritsa kumakhala kolingana ndi sikweya yapano.Kuchuluka kwa magetsi, kumawonjezera kutentha kwa chingwe.Kuti muchepetse kutentha komwe kumapangidwa ndi chingwe ndikupewa kutenthedwa, gawo la waya liyenera kuwonjezeka, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti mfuti yolipiritsa ndi chingwe chojambulira ndizolemera.Supercharger yoziziritsa bwino yamadzimadzi imathetsa vuto la kutentha kwa kutentha ndipo imagwiritsa ntchito zingwe zokhala ndi madera ang'onoang'ono ang'onoang'ono kuti zitsimikizire kufalikira kwa mafunde akuluakulu.Choncho, zingwe za milu ya supercharging zoziziritsidwa bwino zamadzimadzi zimakhala zocheperako komanso zopepuka kuposa za milu yochulukira wamba, ndipo mfuti zothamangitsa nazonso zimakhala zopepuka.Mwachitsanzo, mfuti yamoto ya NIO's supercharging yamadzi-utakhazikika yamadzimadzi imalemera ma kilogalamu 2.4, yomwe ndi yopepuka kwambiri kuposa milu yoyatsira wamba.Muluwu ndi wopepuka kwambiri ndipo umabweretsa mwayi wogwiritsa ntchito bwino, makamaka kwa eni magalimoto achikazi, omwe ndi osavuta kugwiritsa ntchito.
"Ubwino wa milu yoziziritsa bwino yamadzimadzi ndikuti ndi yotetezeka."Wei Dong adanena kuti m'mbuyomu, milu yambiri yothamangitsa idagwiritsa ntchito kuzirala kwachilengedwe, kuziziritsa mpweya ndi njira zina, zomwe zimafunikira mabowo olowera mpweya m'malo oyenera a mulu wothamangitsa, zomwe zidapangitsa kuti mpweya wosakanikirana ndi fumbi, ngakhale tinthu tating'onoting'ono tachitsulo, kutsitsi mchere. ndi nthunzi wamadzi umalowa mkati mwa mulu wothamangitsa ndipo umakongoletsedwa pamwamba pazigawo zamagetsi, zomwe zimadzetsa mavuto monga kuchepa kwa magwiridwe antchito amachitidwe, kutentha kwapang'onopang'ono, kuchepa kwachangu, komanso kufupikitsa moyo wa zida.Mosiyana ndi izi, njira yonse yozizirira yamadzimadzi imatha kufikira kuphimba kwathunthu, kuwongolera kutsekereza ndi chitetezo, ndikupangitsa kuti mulu wolipiritsa ufikire pamlingo wapamwamba kwambiri wachitetezo cha fumbi komanso chosalowa madzi mozungulira muyezo wapadziko lonse wamagetsi wa IP65, wodalirika kwambiri.Kuphatikiza apo, atasiya kapangidwe ka mafani ambiri oziziritsidwa ndi mpweya, phokoso la mulu wotenthetsera wokhazikika wamadzimadzi wachepetsedwa kwambiri, kuchoka pa ma decibel 70 pa mulu wothamangitsa woziziritsidwa ndi mpweya mpaka pafupifupi ma decibel 30, omwe ali pafupi ndi kunong'ona. , kupeŵa kufunika kolipiritsa mwachangu m'malo okhalamo m'mbuyomu.Panali zochitika zochititsa manyazi za madandaulo chifukwa cha phokoso lalikulu usiku.
M'munsi ntchito ndalama ndi wamfupi kuchira mtengo mkombero ndi chimodzi mwa ubwino milu mokwanira madzi-utakhazikika supercharged.Zeng Xin adati milu yanthawi zonse yothamangitsa mpweya woziziritsa nthawi zambiri imakhala yosapitilira zaka 5, koma nthawi yobwereketsa yomwe ikugwira ntchito pamasiteshoni ndi zaka 8 mpaka 10, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti kubwereketsanso kumafunika panthawi yoyendetsera ntchito. wa station.Bwezerani chipangizo choyambirira chochapira.Moyo wautumiki wa milu yolipiritsa yokhazikika yamadzimadzi nthawi zambiri imakhala yopitilira zaka 10.Mwachitsanzo, moyo wa mapangidwe a milu yothamangitsa kwambiri ya Huawei yamadzimadzi ndi yopitilira zaka 15, zomwe zimatha kupitilira moyo wonse wa wayilesi.Kuphatikiza apo, poyerekeza ndi milu yolipiritsa pogwiritsa ntchito ma module oziziritsidwa ndi mpweya omwe amafunikira kutsegulidwa pafupipafupi kwa makabati kuti achotse fumbi ndi kukonza, milu yothamangitsa yamadzimadzi yokhazikika imangofunika kuthamangitsidwa fumbi litachuluka mu radiator yakunja, kupangitsa kukonza kukhala kosavuta.
Kutengera pamodzi, mtengo wanthawi zonse wa charger yoziziritsidwa ndi madzi ndi wotsika kuposa zida zanthawi zonse zolipirira zoziziritsa mpweya.Ndi kugwiritsa ntchito ndi kukwezedwa kwa milu yoyipitsidwa bwino kwambiri yamadzimadzi, zabwino zake zotsika mtengo zidzawonekera kwambiri.
03
Msika uli ndi chiyembekezo chowala ndipo mpikisano ukuwotcha
M'malo mwake, ndi kuwonjezeka kosalekeza kwa kuchuluka kwa magalimoto olowera mphamvu zatsopano komanso kutukuka kwachangu kwa zida zothandizira monga milu yolipiritsa, milu yodzaza ndi madzi-utakhazikika yakhala cholinga cha mpikisano pamsika.Makampani ambiri opanga magalimoto opangira mphamvu, makampani opangira milu, makampani aukadaulo, ndi zina zambiri ayamba kafukufuku waukadaulo ndi chitukuko ndi masanjidwe a milu yoziziritsa bwino yamadzimadzi.
Tesla ndi kampani yoyamba yamagalimoto mumsikawu kuyika milu yoziziritsa yamadzimadzi m'magulumagulu.Milu yake yokulirapo ya V3 imagwiritsa ntchito mawonekedwe oziziritsidwa ndimadzimadzi, ma module othamangitsa oziziritsidwa ndi madzi komanso mfuti zothamangitsa zamadzimadzi.Kuchuluka kwamphamvu kwa mfuti imodzi ndi 250kW.Akuti Tesla yatumiza pang'onopang'ono masiteshoni atsopano a V4 oziziritsidwa ndi madzi padziko lonse lapansi kuyambira chaka chatha.Malo oyamba opangira ma supercharging ku Asia a V4 adakhazikitsidwa ku Hong Kong, China, mu Okutobala chaka chatha, ndipo posachedwa alowa msika wakumtunda.Akuti mphamvu yongoyerekeza yopangira mulu wothamangitsayi ndi 615kW, zomwe ndi zofanana ndi momwe Huawei ndi NIO amachitira milu yoziziritsa bwino yamadzimadzi.Zikuwoneka kuti mpikisano wamsika wa milu yolipiritsa yamadzimadzi yayamba mwakachetechete.
"Nthawi zambiri, ma supercharger oziziritsidwa bwino amadzimadzi ali ndi mphamvu zolipiritsa kwambiri, ndipo kuyendetsa bwino ntchito kumakhala bwino, zomwe zimatha kuchepetsa nkhawa za ogwiritsa ntchito."Poyankhulana ndi mtolankhani wochokera ku China Automotive News, adati, komabe, ma supercharger oziziritsidwa bwino ndi madzi Milu yochulukira imakhala yochepa pamlingo wofunsira, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale ndalama zambiri.Kuphatikiza apo, popeza kulipiritsa kwamphamvu kwambiri kumafuna kukhathamiritsa kasamalidwe ka chitetezo cha batri ndikuwonjezera pulatifomu yamagetsi yamagalimoto, mtengowo udzakweranso ndi 15% mpaka 20%.Ponseponse, kupangidwa kwaukadaulo wothamangitsa mphamvu zambiri kumafuna kulingalira mozama za zinthu monga kasamalidwe ka chitetezo chagalimoto, kuwongolera kodziyimira pawokha kwa zida zamagetsi zamagetsi, ndi mtengo wake.Izi ndizomwe zimachitika pang'onopang'ono.
"Kukwera mtengo kwa milu yoziziritsidwa ndi madzi ndi chimodzi mwazinthu zomwe zimalepheretsa kukwezedwa kwake kwakukulu."Hu Fenglin adati mtengo wapano wa mulu uliwonse wa Huawei ndi pafupifupi 600,000 yuan.Pakadali pano, mabizinesi ang'onoang'ono ndi apakatikati nthawi zambiri amachita bizinesi yolipiritsa Ndizovuta kupikisana.Komabe, m'chiyembekezo cha chitukuko cha nthawi yayitali, ndi kukula kwa ntchito ndi kuchepetsa ndalama, ubwino wambiri wa milu yamadzi-utakhazikika bwino idzawonekera pang'onopang'ono.Kufuna kosasunthika kwa ogwiritsa ntchito komanso msika wothamangitsa otetezeka, wothamanga kwambiri komanso wothamanga kubweretsa malo okulirapo opangira milu yoziziritsa bwino yamadzimadzi.
Lipoti laposachedwa la kafukufuku lomwe linatulutsidwa ndi CICC linanena kuti kuzizira kwamadzimadzi kumayendetsa kukweza kwa mafakitale, ndipo kukula kwa msika wapakhomo kukuyembekezeka kufika pafupifupi 9 biliyoni mu 2026. Moyendetsedwa ndi makampani amagalimoto, makampani opanga magetsi, ndi zina zotero. poyambilira amayembekeza kuti masiteshoni owonjezera oziziritsidwa ndi madzi am'nyumba adzafika 45,000 mu 2026.
Zeng Xin adanenanso kuti mu 2021, padzakhala mitundu yosachepera 10 pamsika wapakhomo yomwe imathandizira kuchulutsa;mu 2023, padzakhala mitundu yopitilira 140 yomwe imathandizira kuchulukirachulukira, ndipo padzakhala zambiri mtsogolo.Izi sizongowonetsa zenizeni za kuthamanga kwa ntchito ndi moyo wa anthu pakuwonjezera mphamvu zamagalimoto amagetsi atsopano, komanso zikuwonetsa momwe msika ukuyendera.Chifukwa cha izi, chiyembekezo cha chitukuko cha milu yothamangitsa kwambiri yamadzimadzi ndi yodalirika kwambiri.
Nthawi yotumiza: Mar-15-2024